Australian wine sales exceeded production for the second year in a row, indicating a tightening of supply and contributing to increased value for the wine sector according to Wine Australia’s Wine Production Sales and Inventory report 2019 released today.
Production
The foundation for Australia’s wine production in 2019 was a crush of 1.73 million tonnes, in line with the 10-year average. The 2019 vintage was the second average-yielding winegrape crush in a row, after the record crop of 1.99 million tonnes in 2017 (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Australian winegrape harvest by colour and overall yield of tonnes by hectare 2009–19
Australia’s vineyard area is approximately 146,000 hectares[1], giving an average yield of just under 12 tonnes per hectare in 2019.
Wine production in 2018–19 was just under 1.2 billion litres or 133 million 9-litre cases, in line with the 10-year average although 6 per cent below the 2017–18 figure.
The overall decrease was a result of a 16 per cent reduction in the production of wine from white grapes, which was partially offset by a small increase (3 per cent) in wine from red grapes. Wine from red grapes accounted for 684 million litres or 76 million 9-litre cases, while wine from white grapes accounted for 514 million litres, or 57 million 9-litre cases, down by nearly 100 million litres (11 million 9-litre cases) compared with 2018[2]. This saw wine from red grapes increase its share of production to 57 per cent, compared with 52 per cent the previous year.
Globally, the 2019 vintage was down by 10 per cent compared with 2018. All major wine producing countries experienced a decline in production, with the ‘big 3’ European producers each down by 15–20 per cent, while southern hemisphere producers and the USA had only small decreases. Australia is estimated to account for 5 per cent of the 2019 global production
Sales
The total sales volume of Australian wine in 2018–19 was just under 1.3 billion litres (144 million 9-litre cases), a reduction of 4 per cent compared with 2017–18, but still the second highest amount ever recorded and 6 per cent above the average for the past 10 years of 1.22 billion litres (Figure 2).
Figure 2: Sales of Australian wine 2001–19
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Red wine accounted for 60 per cent of export sales, while in the domestic market – which has long been dominated by white wine – sales of Australian red wine in 2018–19 exceeded those of white wine for the first time (Figure 3).
Figure 3:Sales of Australian wine on the domestic market by colour 2006–19
(source Wine Australia and IRI MarketEdge)
Despite the fall in volume, sales value to winemakers increased by $114 million or 2 per cent to $6.36 billion.
Inventory
The shortfall in production relative to sales resulted in a drawdown on stocks. Inventory is estimated to have decreased by 6 per cent (approximately 100 million litres) overall to 1.77 billion litres, although this reduction was almost entirely in white wine, which decreased by 12 per cent. Stocks of red wine did not change, and the stock-to-sales ratio for reds increased slightly, although at 1.42 it was still well below the long-term average of 1.6.
Figure 4 shows the peak in sales in 2017–18 following the peak in production the year before, and the shortfall between production and sales in the past 2 years leading to a reduction in stocks and in the stocks-to-sales ratio.
Figure 4: Australian wine production, sales and inventory 2008–19
Outlook
The outlook for the Australian wine sector is generally positive in the short-term. The reduction in global supply in 2019, along with a favourable exchange rate for the Australian dollar against the US Dollar and continued strong demand from Asian markets, should further export opportunities for Australian wine producers in 2020.
However, the balance between supply, demand, price and international competition remains precarious. The effects of recent events including extreme weather and bushfires on supply, and the novel coronavirus outbreak on global and local demand are yet to be determined, while an above-average harvest in 2021 would reverse the current situation where demand exceeds supply.
The full report can be downloaded here.
[2] Note that red grapes that are made into white wine (including Pinot Noir) are included with ‘wine from red grapes’, so the final volume of white wine may be higher than reported.